/f]6/L / ljZj zflGtM Ps rrf{

8f=lai0f' /fh pk|]tL

/f]6/L Snj hfjnfv]n

/f]6/L OG6/g]zgnsf] Oltxf; df zflGt cleofgsf] lasf; / la:tf/ laleGg r/0fdf ePsf] 5 . /f]6/Lsf] :yfkgf b]lv k|f/lDes jif{x¿ -!()%–!(!)_ kms]{/ x]bf{ /f]6/Lsf] ;'?jft @# km]a|'c/L !()% df cd]l/sfsf] l;sfuf] zx/df ePsf] xf]. Ps o'jf jlsn kpn kL= Xofl/;n] cfˆgf tLghgf ;fyLx¿ -l;Nj]:6/ lzn, lx/fd zf]/] / u':tfe nf]x/_ ;Fu ldn]/ klxnf] a}7s u/]sf lyP. /f]6/L gfd s;/L eof] eGg] ;jfndf ;'?sf lbgx¿df ;b:ox¿sf] cfkmg} sfo{nodf kfn}kfnf] -/f]6]6_ a}7s a:g] ul/Psfn] o;sf] gfd Ú/f]6/LÚ /flvPsf] lyof]. ;'?df /f]6/L s]jn Jofj;flos ;fyLx¿aLrsf] ldqtf / cfk;L ;xof]usf nflu vf]lnPsf] lyof]. t/, ;g\ !()& df l;sfuf]df klxnf] k6s Ú;fj{hlgs zf}rfnoÚ lgdf{0f u/]/ /f]6/Ln] ;fd'bflos ;]jfsf] ofqf ;'? u¥of].

;g !(!)–!(@! sf] cjlwdf /f]6/L cd]l/sf aflx/ lj:tf/ x'g yfn]kl5 cGt/f{li6«o lj:tf/ ePkl5 o;n] ljZjJofkL e|ft[Tjsf] nflu zflGt ;DjlGw ul/ljlwx? ;'? eof] . !(!) klxnf] /f]6/L ;Dd]ng eof] / Úg]zgn P;f]l;P;g ckm /f]6/L SnA;Ú aGof]. !(!@ df Sofg8f, cfo/Nof08 / a]nfotdf Snax¿ v'n]kl5 o;sf] gfd ÚOG6/g]zgn P;f]l;P;g ckm /f]6/L SnA;Ú /flvof].

zflGtsf] klxnf] kfOnf !(!$ df xflnof] . klxnf] ljZjo'4 ;'? x'g} nfUbf, /f]6/Ln] ædfgjLo ;]jf / cGt/f{li6«o ;dembf/Læ nfO{ cfˆgf] k|fyldstfdf /fVg yfNof]. o'4sf] ljeLlifsfn] /f]6l/ogx¿nfO{ s] dx;'; u/fof] eg], olb ljZje/sf Jofj;flos g]tfx¿aLr ldqtf eof] eg] o'4 /f]Sg ;lsG5. T];kl5 zflGtn] k|d'vtf kfpg yfNof] . cln ulxl/P/ x]bf{ /f]6/Lsf] cleofgdf ÚzflGtÚ zAb / bz{gn] tLgj6f d'Vo df]8df k|d'vtf kfPsf] b]lvG5M klxnf], ;g\ !(@! df :s6Nof08sf] Pl8gau{df ePsf] /f]6/L ;Dd]ngdf /f]6/Lsf] p2]Zodf Pp6f P]ltxfl;s a'Fbf ylkof]M æljZjdf zflGt / ;b\efj sfod ug{ d2t ug]{.æ of] g} /f]6/Ln] cf}krfl/s ¿kdf zflGtnfO{ cfˆgf] d'Vo nIo agfPsf] klxnf] cflwsfl/s ;do lyof].

bf]>f]M !(#$ sf] a]lNhod ;Dd]ng / bf];|f] ljZjo'4M ;g\ !(#$ df a]lNhoddf ePsf] ;Dd]ngn] æcGt/f{li6«o ;dembf/L dfkm{t zflGtæ -Peace through Understanding_ sf] gf/fnfO{ cem alnof] agfof]. bf];|f] ljZjo'4sf] ;dodf /f]6/L Snax¿n] o'4u|:t If]qdf /fxt k'¥ofpg] / lj:yflktx¿sf] ;]jf ug]{ sfo{ u/], h;n] /f]6/LnfO{ s]jn ÚSnaÚ af6 ÚzflGt b"tÚ df ¿kfGt/0f u¥of].\\

t]>f]M /f]6/L kmfpG8];g / zflGt s]G›x¿M zflGt cleofgn] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] km8\sf] ;g\ !((( df df¥of], ha /f]6/Ln] Ú/f]6/L lk; ;]G6/Ú :yfkgf ug]{ lg0f{o u¥of]. o;n] zflGtnfO{ s]jn efjgfTds ljifo dfq gagfO{ æz}lIfs / j}1flgsæ ljifosf] ¿kdf cufl8 a9fof].

/f]6/Lsf] zflGt ofqfsf d'Vo sf];]9'Ëfx¿M

·       !(!& df /f]6/L kmfpG8];gsf] :yfkgf ul/ zflGt / ;]jfsf nflu :yfoL sf]ifsf] ;'?jft.

·       !(@@ df gfd kl/jt{g ul/ ;+:yfsf] gfd cflwsfl/s ¿kdf /f]6/L O{G6/g];gn -Rotary International) /flvof]. .

·       !($) df gfhL / kmfl;:6 zf;gsf] lj?4df /f]6/Ln] nf]stGq / :jtGqtfsf] kIf lnof].

·       !($% df ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3sf] a8fkq lgdf{0fdf /f]6/Ln]; lqmo e"ldsf v]Nof].

·       @))@ df /f]6/L zflGt s]G›x¿df klxnf] Aofrsf ljBfyL{x¿ egf{ e} klxnf] zflGt km]nf] sf] gfdaf6 lrlgP .

cfhsf] /f]6/L / zflGtM

cfh /f]6/Ln] zflGtnfO{ æ;sf/fTds zflGtæ cyf{t kf]h]l6e lk;sf] cjwf/0ffaf6 x]5{. /f]6/Lsf] dfGotfdf ha;Dd dflg;x¿ ef]sf /xG5g\, clzlIft /xG5g\ / la/fdL x'G5g\, ta;Dd :yfoL zflGt ;Dej 5}g. To;}n], /f]6/Ln] ug]{ x/]s sfo{ -h:t}M kf]lnof] pGd"ng, lzIffdf nufgL, ;kmf kfgL_ cGttM ljZj zflGts} nflu of]ubfg ug]{ cfwf/ x'g\ .

clxn] zflGtsf] kl/efiff ;d]t a[xt ePsf] 5 . zflGt s]jn o'4sf] cg'kl:ylt dfq xf]Og, of] Ps hLjGt / ;lqmo ;fdflhs cj:yf xf] hfxf dflg; cfkmgf] hLjg lge{o k"j{s, :jtGq ?kdf hLpg ;S5g\ . clxn] zflGtnfO{ @ kf6f]df x]g{ ;lsG5 . klxnf], cfGtl/s zflGt -O{G6/gn lk;_ h'g JolQmsf] dfgl;s / efjgfTds l:y/tf xf]. /f]6/Lsf] l;4fGt cg';f/, ha Ps JolQmn] lg:jfy{ ;]jf -;le{; Pef]j ;]Nkm_ u5{, p;n] cfˆgf] dgdf ulx/f] ;Gtf]if / zflGt k|fKt u5{. cfGtl/s zflGt gePsf] JolQmn] ;dfhdf ;sf/fTds kl/jt{g Nofpg ;Sb}g.

bf]>f], afXo zflGt -PS:6g{n lk;_ h:nfO{ /f]6/Ln] æ;sf/fTds zflGtæ -kf]h]l6e lk;_ sf] ¿kdf kl/eflift u5{. o;sf] cy{ ;dfhdf Gofo, ;dfgtf, / ;|f]tx¿sf] plrt afF8kmfF8 x'g' xf]. ha dflg;x¿n] lzIff, z'4 vfg]kfgL, / :jf:Yo ;]jf kfpF5g\, ta ;dfhdf åGåsf sf/0fx¿ :jtM sd x'Fb} hfG5g\. afXo zflGtn] ;d'bfox¿aLrsf] cfk;L ljZjf; / ;xsfo{nfO{ hgfpF5.

/f]6/L / ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3sf] P]ltxfl;s ;DaGwM

/f]6/L / ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3sf] ;DaGw olt ulx/f] 5 ls sltkon] /f]6/LnfO{ æ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3sf] hu a;fNg] ;+:yfæ ;d]t eG5g\.

·       ;g\ !($@ df nG8gdf ePsf] /f]6/L ;Dd]ngn] lzIff / ;+:s[ltsf] cfbfgk|bfgaf/] 5nkmn u/]sf] lyof], h;n] kl5 o'g]:sf]sf] :yfkgfdf d2t k'¥ofof].

·       ;g\ !($% df ;fg k|mflG;:sf]df ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3sf] :yfkgf x'Fbf /f]6/Lsf $( hgf ;b:ox¿ ljleGg b]zsf cflwsfl/s k|ltlglw / ;Nnfxsf/sf ¿kdf pkl:yt lyP. pgLx¿n] cGt/f{li6«o ;dembf/L / åGå ;dfwfgsf pkfox¿nfO{ a8fkqdf ;dfj]z u/fpg 7"nf] e"ldsf v]n].

·       cfh klg /f]6/Lsf] ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3df Úk/fdz{bftfÚsf] bhf{ 5. /f]6/Ln] x/]s jif{ ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3df æ/f]6/L 8]æ dgfpg] ub{5.

/f]6/Lleqsf zflGt ;+/rgfx¿ / sfo{qmdx¿

 

/f]6/Ln] zflGtnfO{ s]jn efif0fdf ;Lldt g/fvL ;+:yfut ;+/rgfx¿ g} tof/ u/]sf] 5M

/f]6/L zflGt s]G›x¿ -Rotary Peace Centers_M

/f]6/L OG6/g]zgnn] ljZjsf k|ltli7t ljZjljBfnox¿;Fusf] ;fem]bf/Ldf :yfkgf u/]sf /f]6/L zflGt s]G›x¿ / ltgsf :yfgx¿ lgDgfg';f/ /x]sf 5g\M

/f]6/L OG6/g]zgnn] ljZjsf ljleGg k|ltli7t ljZjljBfnox¿;Fusf] ;fem]bf/Ldf /f]6/L zflGt s]G›x¿ -Rotary Peace Centers_ ;~rfng ub}{ cfPsf] 5. o; sfo{qmdsf] cf}krfl/s ;'?jft ;g\ @))@ b]lv ePsf] xf], h;sf] d'Vo p2]Zo eljiosf zflGt b"tx¿nfO{ z}lIfs / k|of]ufTds ¿kdf bIf agfpg' xf]. xfn ljZje/ b'O{ k|sf/sf z}lIfs sfo{qmdx¿ ;~rfngdf 5Gf\M :gftsf]Q/ -Masters Degree_ / Jofj;flos ljsf; k|df0fkq -Professional Development Certificate_.

;g\ @))@ b]lv cd]l/sfsf] 8\o's ljZjljBfno / o'lgel;{6L ckm gy{ Sof/f]lngfn] ;+o'Qm ¿kdf /f]6/L zflGt s]G› ;~rfng ul//x]sf 5g\, hxfF cGt/f{li6«o ljsf; gLltdf s]lG›t /x]/ cWoog u/fOG5. To;}u/L, a]nfotsf] o'lgel;{6L ckm a|f8kmf]8{ klg ;g\ @))@ b]lv g} o; cleofgdf hf]l8Psf] 5, h'g ljZjs} ;a}eGbf 7"nf] zflGt cWoog ljefudWo] Ps dflgG5. hfkfgsf] 6f]lsof]l:yt OG6/g]zgn lqml:rog o'lgel;{6Ln] klg ;g\ @))@ b]lv g} cGt/ljifo kf7\oqmddfkm{t zflGt k|j4{gdf sfd ul//x]sf] 5. ;g\ @))# b]lv ci6«]lnofsf] o'lgel;{6L ckm lSjG;Nof08n] cGt/f{li6«o ;DaGw / s"6gLltdf ljz]if1tf k|bfg ub}{ cfPsf] 5 eg] :jL8]gsf] cK;nf ljZjljBfnon] ;g\ @))@ b]lv ;z:q åGå / lx+;f;DaGwL j}1flgs tYofÍ ljZn]if0fdf hf]8 lbFb} zflGt km]nf]x¿nfO{ lzlIft ul//x]sf] 5.

k|df0fkq sfo{qmd -Certificate Programs_M

cg'ejL k]zfsdL{x¿sf nflu yfONof08sf] r'nfnÍg ljZjljBfnon] ;g\ @))% b]lv 5f]6f] cjlwsf] Jofj;flos k|df0fkq sfo{qmd ;~rfng ub}{ cfPsf] 5. clk|msf dxfb]zsf] cfjZostfnfO{ dWogh/ ub}{ ;g\ @)@! b]lv o'ufG8fsf] d]s]/]/] ljZjljBfnodf gofF zflGt s]G› :yfkgf ul/Psf] 5. xfn} ;g\ @)@$ b]lv 6sL{sf] af;];]lx/ ljZjljBfno -Bahçeşehir University_n] dWok"j{ / pQ/ clk|msf If]qsf zflGt sfo{stf{x¿sf nflu tflnd ;'? u/]sf] 5. o;} l;nl;nfdf, blIf0f PlzofnL If]qnfO{ nlIft ub}{ ef/tsf] k'0f]l:yt l;Dafof]l;; OG6/g]zgn o'lgel;{6Ln] ;g\ @)@& b]lv cfˆgf] klxnf] ;d"xnfO{ :jfut ug]{ tof/L ul//x]sf] 5.

oL ;a} s]G›x¿n] /f]6/L kmfpG8];gsf] k"0f{ 5fqj[lQdf ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ egf{ lnG5g\, h;df lzIf0f z'Ns, cfjf;, oftfoft / lkmN8 cWoogsf] vr{ ;dfj]z x'G5. clxn];Dd !*)) eGbf a9L :gftsx¿n] oL s]G›x¿af6 lzIff k|fKt u/L ljZjsf !$) eGbf a9L b]zdf dfgjLo ;]jf / gLlt lgdf{0fsf] txdf sfd ul//x]sf 5g\.

zflGtsf ;ft :tDex¿ -kf]h]l6e lk; lkn/_M

;sf/fTds zflGt -kf]h]l6e lk;_sf] cjwf/0ff s]jn o'4 jf lx+;fsf] cg'kl:ylt dfq geO{, ;dfhleq zflGtnfO{ lbuf] agfpg] ;+/rgf, dgf]j[lQ / ;+:yfx¿sf] pkl:ylt klg xf]. ÚOlG:6Ro'6 km/ Osf]gf]ldS; PG8 lk;Úsf cg';f/ ;sf/fTds zflGtsf * j6f :tDex¿ -lkn/_ /x]sf 5g\M

!= ;'zf;g -Well–functioning Government)

o;n] k|efjsf/L ;fj{hlgs ;]jfx¿ k|bfg ug]{, /fhgLlts :yfloTj sfod ug]{ / sfg'gsf] zf;g ;'lglZrt ug]{ ;/sf/nfO{ hgfpF5. ha ;/sf/n] gful/ssf cfjZostfx¿ k"/f u5{, ta ;dfhdf ljZjf; / zflGt a9\5.

@= Joj;flos jftfj/0f -Sound Business Environment)

o;sf] cy{ lghL If]qsf] ljsf;sf nflu cg's"n jftfj/0f x'g' xf]. cfly{s cj;/x¿, pBdzLntf / Jofkf/sf] ;xhtfn] ;dfhdf cfly{s l:y/tf NofpF5 / åGåsf] hf]lvd sd u5{.

#= ;+;fwgx¿sf] ;dGoflos ljt/0f -Equitable Distribution of Resources)

lzIff, :jf:Yo / cfly{s cj;/x¿df ;a} gful/ssf] ;dfg kx'Fr x'g'k5{. ;dfhdf JofKt c;dfgtfn] g} cS;/ c;Gtf]if / lx+;fnfO{ hGd lbg] x'gfn] o;sf] Gofof]lrt ljt/0f clgjfo{ 5.

$= c¿sf] clwsf/sf] :jLsf/f]lQm -Acceptance of the Rights of Others)

ljleGg hfthflt, wd{, lnË / ljrf/ ePsf JolQmx¿aLr cfk;L ;Ddfg / ;lxi0f'tf x'g'k5{. c¿sf] dfgj clwsf/ / klxrfgnfO{ :jLsf/ ubf{ ;fdflhs ;b\efj sfod x'G5.

%= l5d]sLx¿;Fu /fd|f] ;DaGw -Good Relations with Neighbors_M

of] :yfgLo / cGt/f{li6«o b'j} ;Gbe{df nfu" x'G5. l5d]sL /fi6«x¿ / ;d'bfox¿aLrsf] ;'dw'/ ;DaGwn] ;'/Iffsf] efjgf k}bf u5{ / j}b]lzs Jofkf/ Pj+ ;xof]unfO{ a9fjf lbG5.

^= ;"rgfsf] :jtGq k|jfx (Free Flow of Information)M

gful/sx¿nfO{ ;"rgfdf ;xh kx'Fr x'g' / k|]; :jtGqtf x'g' ;sf/fTds zflGtsf nflu dxQ\jk"0f{ 5. o;n] ;/sf/nfO{ hjfkmb]xL agfpF5 / ;dfhdf JofKt e|d jf unt a'emfOnfO{ sd u5{.

&= dfgj k"FhLsf] pRr :t/ -High Levels of Human Capital_M

o;n] ;dfhsf] lzIff / :jf:Yosf] cj:yfnfO{ hgfpF5. bIf, lzlIft / :j:y hgzlQmn] ;dfhsf] k|ultdf of]ubfg k'¥ofpF5 / ;d:ofx¿nfO{ zflGtk"0f{ 9+un] ;dfwfg ug]{ Ifdtf /fV5.

*= e|i6frf/sf] Go"g :t/ -Low Levels of Corruption)

e|i6frf/n] ;+:yfx¿dflysf] hgljZjf; 36fpF5 / ;|f]tx¿sf] b'?kof]u u5{. e|i6frf/ sd ePsf] ;dfhdf kf/blz{tf / ;fdflhs Gofo alnof] x'G5, h;n] lbuf] zflGtnfO{ cfwf/ lbG5.

/f]6/L PS;g u|'kM of] /f]6l/ogx¿sf] ljZjJofkL ;~hfn xf] h;n] :yfgLo :t/df åGå sd ug{ / zflGtsf kl/of]hgfx¿ ;~rfng ug{ k|fljlws ;xof]u k|bfg u5{.

/f]6/L / gf]a]n zflGt k'/:sf/sf] ;DaGw

·       /f]6/Lsf d"No / dfGotfx¿ gf]a]n zflGt k'/:sf/sf] efjgf;Fu d]n vfG5g\. /f]6/L;Fu k|ToIf ¿kdf hf]l8Psf JolQmTjx¿ h;n] gf]a]n zflGt k'/:sf/ k|fKt u/]M

·       sf8]{n xn -Cordell Hull_M pgnfO{ æ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3sf] lktfæ elgG5. pgL gfl:en /f]6/L Snasf ;b:o lyP / ;g\ !($% df gf]a]n zflGt k'/:sf/ lht]sf lyP.

·       n8{ ;]l;n -Lord Cecil of Chelwood_M pgn] Úlnu ckm g]zG;Ú sf] :yfkgfdf of]ubfg lbPsf lyP / pgL /f]6l/og lyP. pgn] ;g\ !(#& df of] k'/:sf/ kfP.

·       cNa6{ ZjfOTh/ -Albert Schweitzer_M k|l;4 dfgjtfjfbL / lrlsT;s ZjfOTh/ Ú/f]6/L Sna ckm sf]Ndf/Ú sf dfgfy{ ;b:o lyP. pgn] ;g\ !(%@ df gf]a]n k'/:sf/ kfP.

·       /f]6/L OG6/g]zgn -dgf]gog_M /f]6/L OG6/g]zgn cfkm}+ klg w]/} k6s gf]a]n zflGt k'/:sf/sf nflu dgf]lgt ePsf] 5, ljz]if u/L kf]lnof] pGd"ng -Polio Eradication_ df o;n] v]n]sf] ljZjJofkL e"ldsfsf nflu.

%= /f]6/Lsf k|d'v zflGt g]tfx¿

/f]6/L cleofgnfO{ zflGtsf] dfu{df 8f]¥ofpg] s]xL lzv/ JolQmTjx¿M

·       kpn Xofl/; -Paul Harris_M pgn] ;g\ !()% df /f]6/Lsf] :yfkgf ubf{ dflg;x¿aLrsf] ldqtf g} ljZj zflGtsf] cfwf/ xf] eGg] dfu{lrq sf]/]sf lyP.

·       cfs{ SnDkm -Arch Klumph_M ;g\ !(!& df pgn] /f]6/L kmfpG8];gsf] :yfkgf u/]. of] kmfpG8];gn] g} cfh ljZje/sf zflGt s]G› / dfgjLo sfo{x¿df caf}{+ 8n/ nufgL u5{.

·       xa{6{ h]= 6]n/ -Herbert J Taylor_M pgn] ;g\ !(#@ df The Four–Way Test tof/ u/]. of] rf/ k|Zgsf] s;L -s] of] ;To xf]< s] of] ;a}sf nflu Gofok"0f{ 5< s] o;n] ;b\efj / ldqtf a9fpF5< s] of] ;a}sf nflu nfebfos 5<_ n] ;+;f/e/sf /f]6l/ogx¿nfO{ g}lts / zflGtk"0f{ Jojxf/ ug{ l;sfpF5.

lgisif{

cGttM, /f]6/Ln] a'em]sf] zflGt eg]sf] ædfgjLo ;]jfæ xf]. ha xfdL ef]sd/L d]6fpF5f}+, lg/If/tf x6fpF5f}+ / /f]u;Fu n8\5f}+, xfdLn] jf:tjdf o'4sf sf/0fx¿nfO{ x6fO/x]sf x'G5f}+. /f]6/Ln] æcGt/f{li6«o ;dembf/L / ;b\efjæ dfkm{t ljZjnfO{ Ps} ;"qdf afFWg] sfo{ hf/L /fv]sf] 5.